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| Sumber: Teluk Bone |
But among these people, there are some figures whose names are not yet well known and must be known, because their role is so great for the region and the nation.
Here are 10 influential Bugis figures in the world:
1. Syamsi Ali (New York Mosque High Priest, USA)
Muhammad Syamsi Ali, born in Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, October 5, 1967; age 47) is a priest at the Islamic Center of New York and director of the (JMC) Jamaica Muslim Center, a foundation and mosque in eastern New York, United States, which is run by the South Asian Muslim community. Syamsi Ali is active in Islamic missionary activities and interfaith communication in the United States (especially the east coast).
After completing elementary school in Lembanna Village, Kec. Kajang, Kab. Bulukumba South Sulawesi, by his parents he was put in the Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School "Darul-Arqam" Makassar. After graduating from the pesantren 1987, Syamsi Ali devoted himself as a teaching staff at his alma mater until the end of 1988. He was offered a scholarship from Rabithah Alam Islami to continue his studies at the International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. The S1 degree in the field of Interpretation was completed in 1992 and continued at the same university and completed a Masters degree in Comparative Religion in 1994. During his Masters degree in Pakistan, he also worked as a teaching staff at the Saudi Red Crescent Society school in Islamabad. From there, he then received an offer to teach at the Islamic Education Foundation, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in early 1995.
During the 1996 Hajj season, he was entrusted to speak at the Indonesian Consulate General in Jeddah in Saudi Arabia. It was there that met with several foreign pilgrims, including the Indonesian Ambassador to the United Nations, who at the same time offered him to come to New York, USA. This offer was later accepted by Syamsi Ali and he moved to New York in early 1997.
2. Yusuf Al-Makassari (Ulama, spreader of Islamic teachings. South African National Heroes)
Sheikh Yusuf Abul Mahasin Tajul Khalwati Al-Makasari Al-Bantani, was a great scholar born in Gowa, South Sulawesi, on July 3, 1626. He died in Cape Town, South Africa, May 23, 1699 at the age of 72. He is an Indonesian national hero. He got the title Tuanta Salamaka ri Gowa or in Indonesian "master savior of Gowa".
Sheikh Yusuf was born to Abdullah's partner with Aminah. His first name was Muhammad Yusuf, a name given by Sultan Alauddin, king of Gowa, who was also a relative of Sheikh Yusuf's mother.
He obtained religious education since he was 15 years old in Cikoang from Daeng Ri Tassamang, teacher of the kingdom of Gowa. Sheikh Yusuf also studied with Sayyid Ba-Alawi bin Abdul Al-Allamah Attahir and Sayyid Jalaludin Al-Aidid.
Back from Cikoang, Sheikh Yusuf married the daughter of the Sultan of Gowa, then at the age of 18, Sheikh Yusuf went to Banten and Aceh. In Banten he was friends with Prince Surya or Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, who later made it the Mufti of the Sultanate. In Aceh, he studied with Sheikh Nuruddin Ar-Raniri and studied the Qadriyah dance.
Sheikh Yusuf also sought knowledge in Yemen, studied with Sheikh Abdullah Muhammad bin Abd Al-Baqi, and went to Damascus to study with Sheikh Abu Al-Barakat Ayyub bin Ahmad bin Ayyub Al-Khalwati Al-Quraishi.
When Gowa suffered a defeat from the Netherlands, Sheikh Yusuf moved to Banten and he had students from various regions, including 400 people from Makassar led by Ali Karaeng Bisai.
When the Sultan of Ageng was defeated by the Dutch in 1682, Sheikh Yusuf was arrested and exiled to Sri Lanka in September 1684.
In Sri Lanka, he continued to actively spread Islam, so that he had hundreds of students, mostly from South India. Sheikh Ibrahim ibn Mi'an, one of the great scholars of India, including those who studied with Sheikh Yusuf.
Through the pilgrims who came to Sri Lanka, Sheikh Yusuf was still able to communicate with his followers in the archipelago, so that finally by the Dutch, he was exiled to another further location, South Africa, in July 1693.
In South Africa, Sheikh Yusuf continues to preach, and has many followers. When he died on May 23, 1699, his followers made the day of his death a memorial day. In fact, Nelson Mandela, former president of South Africa, called him the Best African Son.
3. Colliq Pujie (The person who copied the La-Galigo Epic Manuscript)
Colliq Pujié or complete Retna Kencana Colliq Pujié Arung Pancana Toa Matinroé ri Tucaé, is a Bugis noblewoman who lived in the 19th century. Not only that, Colliq was also a humanist, great thinker, editor of the ancient Lontara Bugis script, copywriter and secretary (jurutulis) of the royal palace of Tanete (in present-day Barru Regency). Since the 15th century there have been Malays who settled and traded in Barru and eventually married Mawin in the land of Bugis.
There are not many historical accounts that discuss Colliq Pujié's personal self. He might not be known until now if only, he did not help Benjamin Frederick Mathes in copying the ancient manuscript I La Galigo which became one of the monumental literary works (epics) of the worldwide Bugis tribe. Colliq Pujié was the one who helped B.F. Mathes, a Dutch missionary who was fluent in Bugis at that time, for 20 years copied Bugis manuscripts and the La Galigo epic I whose length exceeded the length of the epics of Ramayana and Mahabrata from India. Besides I La Galigo which consists of 12 volumes, there are still hundreds of other ancient Bugis texts copied by B.F. Mathes and then brought and stored in the Leiden University library in the Netherlands until now. The copying of most of the manuscripts was assisted by Colliq Pujié, so Colliq Pujié's biography was gradually revealed by the writings of B.F. Mathes. Colliq Pujié even adapted literary works from Malay and Persian. Colliq Pujié also created a literary script inspired by Lontara letters and Arabic letters.
Prof. Nurhayati Rahman, a Professor at the Faculty of Cultural Sciences at the University of Hasanuddin Makassar in his book "Retna Kencana Colliq Pujié Arung Pancana Toa 1812-1876, the Age of Driving Intellectuals" regretted that Colliq Pujié had little place in the hearts of the Indonesian people. According to him, Colliq Pujié was a forgotten cultural, Indonesian intellectual and historian who lived in the 19th century. Dr. British historian Ian Caldwel even said that, "it is too small if a Colliq Pujié caliber is locked in an Indonesian shell, because he belongs to the world. His name will never be separated from the work of I La Galigo as an icon of Indonesian culture which became the canon of world literature, which later became a source of inspiration for many people in reconstructing Indonesian history and culture (Asdar Muis RMS, "Andi Muhammad Rum, Colliq Pujié Titles", p. 13).
One of the literary works is a collection of Bugis poems written in script entitled "Lontara Bilang, Mozaik Inner Upheaval A Noble Woman" has been translated and transliterated by H.A. Ahmad Saransi has been published by the Sawerigading Community. In the book, every Bugong kelong or poem is written in letters, Lontara script, transliteration in Latin script, and then understanding and explanation of the meaning of the words in the pantun.
Colliq Pujié also wrote many literary works such as Elong, Sure ’Baweng, History of ancient Tanete, a collection of Bugis customs, and various royal manners and ethics. According to history, his most beautiful work is Sure 'Baweng which contains advice on advice that has a very high aesthetic value. Even his work on the history of ancient Tanete was published by Niemann in the Netherlands. Customary royal customs written in a work entitled La Toa were published by Mathes in the book Boegineesche Christomatie II. Another Dutch researcher who was assisted by Colliq Pujié was A. Ligtvoet, who was then compiling a dictionary of the history of South Sulawesi. The breadth of his knowledge has raised the intellectual level of the Bugis in the eyes of Europeans in the 19th century. B.F. Mathes repeatedly mentioned the name Colliq Pujié as a Bugis queen nobleman who was truly a literary expert, especially in his book Macassaarsche en Boegineesche Chrestathien (Collection of Bugis Makassar Flower).
About I La Galigo, according to one of the writers RA Kern in his book entitled Catalogus Van de Boegineesche tot de I La Galigo Cyclus Behoorende Handschriften der Leidsche Universiteit Bibliotheek published in 1939 states that the work of I Menirit is expert, La Galigo is the largest literary work and also the longest in the world even surpasses the Mahabharata, the Indian Ramayana or Homeric poetry from Greece. According to Sirtjof Koolhof in the introduction to the book I La Galigo published by Djambat, the text I La Galigo consists of 300,000 lines / temples while the Mahabrata is only approximately 200,000 stanzas.
For information, at the Regional Library and Archives Agency of South Sulawesi Province, there were a total of 4,049 Bugis and Makassar scripts that had been microfilmed, to be safe. The manuscript consists of lontara paseng (Contains messages), attoriolong (previous people's messages), assikkalaibinengeng (sex education), kutika (divination or astrology), Sufism and religious sciences, procedures for farming, lontara Baddili Lompo (knowledge of weapons and strategy of war ), traditional medicine, animal characteristics and architecture and some fragments of stories in the epic I La Galigo. It is unfortunate that students' interest is very lacking in researching Bugis and Makassar scripts. even many researchers from various countries examined the products of Bugis and Makassar culture in the form of ancient lontara manuscripts.
Maybe to study more deeply about the life of Colliq Pujié someone had to go to the Netherlands because that's where all the recorded information was stored, about the amazing figure of Colliq Pujié.
4. Arung Palakka (The King of the Bone The Dutch Government is most feared)
Arung Palakka was born in, Mario-ri Wawo, Soppeng, September 15, 1634 and died in Bontoala, April 6, 1696 at the age of 61 years. Arung Palakka also known as Petta Malampee Gemmenna is Sultan Bone who served during the reign of 1672-1696.
Arung Palakka is titled La Tan-ri Tatta To 'Urong To-ri Sompi Patta Malampei Gammana Daeng Serang To' Appatunru Paduka Sri Sultan Sa'ad ud-din, referring to the spelling of the letter lontara. The correct pronunciation is "La Tenritatta To Unru To-ri Sompa'E Petta Malampe'E Gemme'na Daeng Serang To 'Appatunru Paduka Sultan Sa'adduddin."
Arung Palakka is the son of La Pottobunna, Arung Tana Tengnga, and his wife, We Tenri Suwi, Datu Mario-ri Wawo, son of La Tenri Ruwa Paduka Sri Sultan Adam, Arumpone Bone.
Arung Palakka with Arung Kaju but eventually they divorced. Furthermore, he married Sira Daeng Talele Karaeng Ballajawa on March 16, 1668, previously the wife of Karaeng Bontomaronudan Karaeng Karunrung Abdul Hamid. His marriage to Sira did not last long and the two divorced on January 26, 1671. Then the third time, Arung Palakka married Datu-ri Watu We Tan-ri Pau Adda Sange, Datu Soppeng, in Soppeng on July 20, 1673. His third wife is daughter of La Tan-ri Bali Beowe II, Datu Soppeng, and previously a wife of La Suni, Adatuwang Sidenreng. His fourth marriage with Daeng Marannu, Karaeng Laikang, was held on September 14, 1684. He was the daughter of Pekampi Daeng Mangempa Karaeng Bontomaronu, Gowa, who was previously the wife of Karaeng Bontomanompo Muhammad.
Arung Palakka was the most feared hero in all of Batavia. This man who was known for his long, stout-haired eyes lit up. Strength as if it was ordered to always dwell with him. The Bugis Bone man with a badik who is able to break down this intestine has been crossing in Batavia since the 1660s, when he and his followers escaped from the grip & might of Sultan Hasanuddin.
Batavia in the 17th century was an arena where violence seemed to be left for the sake of achieving goals. During Governor General Joan Maetsueyker, violence became a breath for the continuation of the colonial system. Violence is the only mechanism to create submission to a nation that must be rebuked in order to be obedient and ready to become a small screw from the rising tide of European colonialism. The violence seemed to confirm what philosopher Thomas Hobbes said that humans are basically evil and like wolves who prey on each other. It was at this time that Arung Palakka became a very powerful person to his fellowmen.
Arung Palakka's name is found in a National Archive of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI), containing historical data about Batavia in the past with a dark history. Various references that save a little story about the man whose statue was carved and stood proudly in the middle of Watampone City.
Arung Palakka is a portrait of alienation that keeps a passionate spirit for conquest. He was exiled from his people, the Bugis Bone tribe whose freedom was confined. However, he was free as free as a dove who shot and left a trail in Batavia. He was the conqueror who was alienated from his people. Malang crosses in a city the size of Batavia, its strength grows even more when he builds a frightening alliance with two other estranged figures, namely a Dutch man named Cornelis Janszoon Speelman and an Ambonese who is also powerful named Captain Jonker. The three of them built secret alliances and held control of the VOC in its time, including the monopoly on the trade in gold and crops.
Replacing his mother as the 15th Datu Mario-ri Wawo. He got the title Arung Palakka as a present when he succeeded in freeing his people from the occupation of Makassar. Recognized by the Dutch as Arung Pattiru, Palette and Palakka in Bone and Datu Mario-ri Wawo in Soppeng, Bantaeng and Bontoala, 1670.
Declared the forced disappearance of the throne of his uncle in 1672. And was crowned Sultan of Bone with the title Paduka Sri Sultan Sa'ad ud-din, 3 November 1672.
5. Pledges (International medical scientists)
Dr. Taruna Ikrar, M.Pharm., MD., Ph.D. (born in Makassar, April 15, 1969; age 45 years), is a doctor and an Indonesian scientist in the fields of pharmacy, heart and nerve. Now serving as an auxiliary specialist in Xu's laboratory (headed by Dr. Xu), the author popularized the AlstR or allatostatin receptor system through an article published in the 20th edition of the Frontiers of Neural Circuit, January 2012. The AlstR system has the potential to control seizures in epilepsy and is part of the gene therapy technique, a therapy that had been discovered several years by other scientists before the writings of the Pledge Cadets and friends were published. In addition, he was also the patent holder of the human brain mapping method since 2009, based on this method the scientists managed to describe the dynamics that occur in the human brain in detail. In 2014 he conducted a study that sleep quality was greatly influenced by hormonal balance, especially the level of melanin concentrating hormone (MCH), the results of this study were published in the Journal Physiology.
6. Petta Lolo Lasinrang (National Hero, Bugis Swordsman, Opposing Dutch Colonial)
In 1856, the royal family of Sawitto, felt happy for the birth of La Sinrang, the son of La Tamma. Then known as Petta Lolo La Sinrang. This Son of La Tamma Addatuang Sawitto, was born in Dolangeng, a small town located about 17 km south of the town of Pinrang. Because his mother named I Raima (descendant of ordinary people) came from Dolangeng. Since the birth of La Sinrang, it has a feature where the chest is overgrown with reeds in the opposite direction, namely the direction upwards (sussang feathers).
In the course of his life, La Sinrang received much guidance and education from his uncle (brother I Raima), namely people who have influence and are respected and are known as experts in the kingdom. So, La Sinrang became a young man who was quite authoritative and honest. This is a characteristic that the son of Addatuang Sawitto is a good leader candidate.
In his childhood La Sinrang liked the people's games such as in the language of Bugis Mallogo, Maggasing, Massung and others. However, his main penchant that continues until the age of rising adults is "Massaung". Chicken Cocking. From this hobby, La Sinrang always uses "Manu" bakka "(a chicken with white spots with red spots on the back of the chest), this type of chicken is rarely owned by people
The hobby of cockfighting using "Manu Bakka" finally spread outside the area, so La Sinrang was known by the nickname "Bakka Lolona Sawitto" can also be interpreted as "Brave Youth from Sawitto. This nickname became increasingly popular when La Sinrang held a resistance against the Dutch.
Also La Sinrang's fondness in adolescence / adulthood is the game "Pajjoge" which is a dance from the origin of Bone, so that when Pajjoge from Pammana (Wajo) held a show in Sawitto, La Sinrang became increasingly interested in the Permian.
La Sinrang went to Pammana and showed movements that attracted the attention of many people, especially Datu Pammana herself. At that time, Datu Pammana, La Gabambong (La Tanrisampe) and also Pilla Wajo were interested in asking about the origin of her descendants.
La Sinrang was educated and accepted by Datu Pammana to be brave, especially in dealing with warfare. After that, La Sinrang returned to his native region of Sawitto, at that time La Sinrang had two sons namely La Koro and La Mappanganro from the marriage results with Indo Jamarro and Indo Intang.
Arriving in Sawitto he invited Suppa, Alitta, Karaeng, Ruba'E, Madallo, Cempa, JampuE, etc. Small kingdoms around Sawitto to fight, and if the kingdom was unwilling, it meant that the kingdom was under Sawitto rule. Thus, in a short time La Sinrang was known to all corners, both his courage, authority and leadership
La Sinrang had been increasingly in Sawitto, eventually sending it to Bone, only a year in Bone, having to go to Wajo for killing one of the palace officials in Bone, Pakkalawing Epu'na Arungpone.
La Sinrang had been increasingly in Sawitto, eventually sending it to Bone, only a year in Bone, having to go to Wajo for killing one of the palace officials in Bone, Pakkalawing Epu'na Arungpone.
During his time at Wajo he received education from La Jalanti Putra Arung Matawo Wajo, namely La Koro Arung Padali, which was titled Batara Wajo. La Janlanti was appointed commander of the Wajo Forces in Tempe with the rank of General.
After the Dutch attack on the kingdom of Sawitto became more intense, La Sinrang was called home by his father, and was appointed as warlord. In his leadership, the weapons used were only spears and kris. A large spear resembling a paddle was given the name "La Salaga" while the keris was named "JalloE"
7. Raja Lumu (Sultan of Selangor, First Malaysia)
Raja Lumu (Sultan Sallehuddin Shah ibni of the late Daeng Chelak; 1705–1778) was the first Sultan of Selangor. He is the son of Daeng Chelak. He got the title of Sultan Sallehuddin in Selangor in 1742. The Bugis had begun to settle on the West coast of the Malay Peninsula in the late 17th century.
After Raja Lumu, two people who were other Bugis chiefs settled in the Selangor: Raja Tua area in Klang and Daeng Kemboja in Linggi, south of Lukut. Raja Lumu initially faced opposition from the Sultan of Perak and Johor, also from the Netherlands, but eventually managed to consolidate his position as a sovereign. In 1770, his legitimacy was strengthened when he married the nephew of the Sultan of Perak.
Sultan Muhammad was invested by Salehuddin with the symbol of the Malay kingdom. Raja Lumu also attended the next coronation ceremony in Selangor. "For this alliance, he immediately added again, marrying his own daughter to the Sultan of Kedah, which is in the northern part of the West Malay Sultanate.